Managing surface water is a critical aspect of property maintenance, yet it’s often overlooked until problems like waterlogging or localised flooding appear. A properly installed soakaway is an effective solution for directing rainwater away from your property and into the ground safely. This guide provides a straightforward overview of what a soakaway is, how it functions, and the key steps involved in its installation. By understanding the process, you can better manage your property’s drainage and prevent potential water damage.
Understanding Soakaway Systems
A soakaway is essentially an underground structure that collects surface water runoff, typically from roof gutters via downpipes, and allows it to percolate slowly into the surrounding soil. The system is usually a pit filled with rubble or modular plastic crates, which create a void for water to gather before it disperses. This process helps prevent the overloading of public drainage systems and reduces the risk of flooding on your property. The effectiveness of a soakaway depends heavily on the soil’s percolation rate—its ability to absorb water. Clay soils, for instance, have poor percolation and may not be suitable for a standard soakaway, whereas sandy or gravelly soils are ideal.
Step-by-Step Installation Guide
Before starting any work, you must perform a percolation test to determine if your ground is suitable for a soakaway. This involves digging a test pit and measuring how long it takes for a known volume of water to drain away. Building regulations provide specific guidance on how to conduct this test correctly. If the results are favourable, you can proceed with the installation.
First, you need to excavate a pit for the soakaway. Regulations require it to be located at least five metres away from any building and 2.5 metres from any boundary. The size of the pit depends on the area of roofing it will serve and the soil’s percolation rate. Once excavated, the pit is lined with a geotextile membrane. This fabric allows water to pass through but prevents soil and silt from entering and clogging the system.
Next, you will assemble the soakaway crates inside the lined pit. These plastic modular units are lightweight but strong, creating a large underground storage tank. The drainpipe that carries water from your roof’s guttering system is then connected to an inlet on the crates. After the crates are in place and the pipe is connected, the geotextile membrane is folded over the top to completely enclose the structure. The final step is to backfill the pit with the excavated soil, compacting it gently and leaving the ground level.
Maintenance and Best Practices
Once installed, a soakaway requires minimal maintenance, but a few practices will keep it functioning correctly for years. It is important to keep your gutters and drainpipes clear of leaves and debris. Blockages can restrict water flow and introduce silt into the soakaway, reducing its efficiency. Installing a leaf guard on your guttering and a silt trap within the drainage pipe run can help to filter out solids before they reach the soakaway crates. Regular inspections of your gutters, particularly after heavy rainfall or in autumn, will help you spot and clear any potential blockages early on. A well-maintained system will effectively manage surface water and protect your property from the ground up.
Final Thoughts on Drainage Management
Installing a soakaway is a practical and environmentally responsible way to manage rainwater on your property. It alleviates pressure on public sewer systems and mitigates the risk of localised flooding. While the installation process is straightforward for those with some DIY experience, the importance of correct siting and proper procedure cannot be overstated. Following building regulations and understanding your ground conditions are foundational to a successful project. By taking these steps, you create a reliable drainage system that serves your property for the long term.